1.3.4 (c): describe the principles of operation of 3D printers and describe how they are applied to real-life s

"A printer makes physical objects from a 3D digital model" (usually used in CAD)(computer aid design)

-One type of manufacturing is "additive manufacturing". The 3D object being built up is made layer-by-layer using powdered resin, powdered metal and ceramic powder or paper.

-Another type is "subtractive manufacturing" 
Here the 3D object being printed if carved out a block of stone until the object is formed.

Types of technology

-One type of technology they use is "direct printing". This uses inkjet technology: a print head moves side-to-side like an inkjet printer, can also move up and down to build up the layers. 
(so imagine a print head where you can give x,y,y coordinates instead of just x,y.)

-Another type of technology 3D printers use is "binder printing". The print head moves like in direct 3D printing, but two substances are sprayed for each layer: dry powder and binder to form the object.

-There are other technologies that use UV light to harden liquid polymers, this increased the diversity of products that can be produced

Algorithm:

Uses of 3D printers:

-Make prosthetic limbs for patients.
-Make items which allow precise reconstructive surgery
-Make light weight objects (e.g plane wings)
-Making sculptures